(This answer your question only partially).
Honesty and success are made of many things. Quite a bunch of studies found interesting correlations between honesty and success at the collective/cultural level. (They measure the success in term of wealth, trust, quality of the institution, rights, etc.).
Just a sample to give an idea:
● Edward C. Banfield (1958) shows some correlation between many aspects of honesty and success (he wrote a book about it The Moral Basis of a Backward Society).
● Arrow (1972) & Fukuyama (1995) found that the level of trust in a society strongly predicts its economic success.
● Guido Enrico Tabellini (an Italian economist) find that "there is not just one institutional failure. Typically, the countries or regions that fail in one dimension also fail in many other aspects of collective behavior."
● Inglehart (1990, 1997) analyses of a broader range of societies, and argue that cultural values fundamentally drive economic performance and democratic stability.
● Landes, D. S. (1998) & Rogers D. found that people's value shape their wealth (they wrote a book: The wealth and poverty of nations: why some are so rich and some so poor)
References: (you'll find many others in the references of their studies).
● Banfield, E. C. (1958). with the assistance of Laura Fasano Banfield. The moral basis of a backward society.
● Arrow, K. J. (1972). Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for invention. In Readings in industrial economics (pp. 219-236). Palgrave, London.
● Porta, R. L., Lopez-De-Silane, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. W. (1996). Trust in large organizations (No. w5864). National Bureau of Economic Research.
● Tabellini, G. (2008). Presidential Address: Institutions and Culture. Journal of the European Economic Association, 6(2/3), 255-294. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40282643
● Inglehart, R. (1997). Modernization and postmodernization: Cultural, economic, and political change in 43 societies. Princeton university press.