So far I only know of Cosyne, NIPS, ICML, and ICLR that accept papers in computational neuro. I guess that latter two (ICLR and ICML) accept papers which find some significance in ML. As for journals, I do not even know where to begin.

Edit: I have a background in computer science, and I wish to introduce cognitive sciences to myself, particularly from a computational/mathematical perspective. My motivation for doing this artificial general intelligence research at a later stage.