Questions tagged [neuroscience]
For questions on the structure and function of the nervous system.
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why structural studies of the cerebellum (atrophy, segmentation, etc.) always reports LEFT and RIGHT even when laterality is absent from the study?
I have noticed that structural studies of the cerebellum, regardless of the focus of the study (neurodegenerative, autism, alcoholism, drummers) usually report left-sided and right-sided results. Even ...
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Why do SSRIs take multiple weeks to reach their full effect?
What is it about SSRIs that they require 2-4 weeks for their long-term effect to become present?
Is this the result of small accumulations over time in some aspect of the brain?
Are there other ...
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Does the human eye have a muscle that if paralyzed would make us only see things that are in motion?
In "Kwantechizm", a relatively popular book written by a Polish physicist Andrzej Dragan, I read that chickens move their head so that they can see things that are not in motion, with the ...
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How to evaluate the convergence of a staircase?
I have a 2AFC staircase, with transformed up and down method (2up 1 down) or (2down 1 up), with equal step size (at the beginning there are higher step sizes, at the end there are the lower value).
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Which waveform for photic stimulation should be used to generate SSVEP in a narrow band around desired frequency
I am trying to build my own flickering light stimulation device. The light source will be a COB Red LED cluster (~627nm) (like one of these) with brightness controlled using Pulse Width Modulation ...
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How can someone enjoy something without dopamine?
In this video, Andrew Huberman says people and even animals with depleted dopamine levels can still enjoy stuff.
How does one enjoy without dopamine? Isn't it the pleasure chemical?
Can serotonin, ...
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What is the purpose of having both a ground electrode and a reference electrode in EEG setups?
In almost all electroencephalography (EEG) recording setups, there are two auxiliary electrodes in addition to the ones used to record: the ground electrode and the reference electrode.
I've so far ...
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Lunar cycles linked with mental health issues?
From what I can find...
Anecdotally, my mother used to work in nursing homes for the elderly and found that around the full moon, patients slept less and were more agitated.
Anecdotal evidence ...
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Are inhibitory synapses governed by different chemicals than excitatory synapses?
If a neuron has both excitatory and inhibitory chemical synapses providing it with input, is it true in all organisms that the chemicals that cause the inhibition are distinct from those that cause ...
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Update of feedback connections in brain
A recent paper by Lillicrap revisits the connection between deep learning models and brain and its biological plausibility. In their work, they show that it is possible to learn with fixed feedback ...
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How long does it take (on average/etimated) a neuron to fire?
I'm not from a neuroscience field but I'm curious about this. I would like to know how long does it take for the membrane potential of a neuron to go from its resting value to its threshold value ( ...
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How many possible states does a brain have?
Suppose I have a box, inside of which is a light which can be either on or off: it has exactly two states.
Suppose I wanted to take some "snapshot" of the state of this device, and store all the ...
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Is the ordering of Brodmann areas arbitrary?
A single Brodmann area is defined based off cellular composition. Are the Brodmann areas ordinal, and if so for what reason? (e.g. is there something that makes Brodmann area 1 the "first one", and ...
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Is a neuron's information processing more complex than a perceptron?
I've been researching the relationship between brain neurons and nodes in neural networks. Repeatedly it is claimed neurons can do complex information processing that vastly exceeds that of a simple ...
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What does it mean if a neuron is "expressing" something?
Sorry for the simple question, not a neuroscientist just trying to understand a paper for school. In a study with mice, there was 2-photon calcium imaging done, and part of it read:
We used single- ...
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Is meaning-seeking behavior a biological optimization problem?
In short, I'm interested in cognitive, neuroscientific, biological and/or computational perspectives on what we vaguely refer to as meaning seeking. Of course, this is a large topic, but any ...
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Are neural sensitivity tests used in proving/refuting Freudian and Neo-Freudian theories?
Given that Freudian theories root their explanatory models in neurology (that is, selected extra-sensitive (erogenous) body zones), has any scientific study tried to prove/refute them, by measuring ...
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Changes to the brain regions due to PTSD
I mentiond in my other question today (Changes to the amygdala due to PTSD) that the one thing I have often heard regarding changes in the brain due to trauma and PTSD is that the amygdala is enlarged ...
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Changes to the amygdala due to PTSD
The one thing I have often heard regarding changes in the brain due to trauma and PTSD is that the amygdala is enlarged (e.g. Kuo et al, 2012). This is understandable considering the amygdala is ...
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How does brain makes descisons? [closed]
I have recently started studying about brain network analysis, Does brain makes decisions based on neuron connections? ex: If say 10 neurons were there, if I see pen to recognize that as pen does the ...
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Converting mgz to img in freesurfer?
I have spm files in nii that I've converted to mgz, but I need in img to co-register in spm (I think?)
Ultimately, I just want to cortically project my spm images (https://surfer.nmr.mgh.harvard.edu/...
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What does "all-or-nothing" means in spiking neural network?
I'm reading a paper by Auge et al. (2021). In the introduction they said "Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) use short 'all-or-nothing' pulses to encode and transmit information".
I'm not sure ...
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How does body temperature and oxygenation affect thinking ability?
I'm interested if the brain works better when the temperature is higher than usual and the amount of oxygen in the air is a bit lower than in fresh mountain air. This has been my personal experience.
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Introductory resources on developmental psychology/neuroscience
I'd like to be able to answer questions such as:
What neuro/psychological functions underly competences such as empathy (or others - see background below)?
What neurotransmitters are of particular ...
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Measuring changes in hemispheric dominance over time
I've recently started using my trackball left-handed after being right-handed my whole life. The motivation is partly to balance out wrist strain, and partly to see how much my brain rejects the idea.
...
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New methods of treatment of psychological trauma?
Classical methods of psychological treatment of trauma help many people, but there is always a percentage of the patients those are can’t be healed with classical methods like Drug interventions, ...
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How does acute tryptophan depletion work?
The literature online about this practice is very poor. The theory goes like this:
A mix of amino acids that does not include tryptophan will lower the proportion of tryptophan in the bloodstream.
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How do sensations differ from each other? [closed]
The sensation of tough material and soft material is not the same but in both senses, sensory cells are the same. How do these two sensations differ from each other? Does this information carried like ...
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in this attentional blink experiment why is the second letter visible when the lag is low but not when the lag is high
this image is from the book Consciousness and the Brain by Stanislas Dehaene
the book describes the image as follows :
The attentional blink illustrates the temporal limitations of
conscious ...
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What is the "reverse-averaging" technique used in Electroencephalography (EEG)?
Im reading about the Bereitschaftspotential or Readiness-potential "discovery" and I see it was done by "reverse-averaging" the ressults of using EEG to measure certain voltage ...
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Do spinal and peripheral nerves associate with hebbian learning?
For instance, if a musician frequently makes a series of actions, neurons that are involved in such sequence should also associate inside the spine - according to "neurons that fire together wire ...
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In pyramidal neurons, are there any differences (morphological or otherwise) between the basal synapses and proximal synapses on the apical tuft?
In pyramidal neurons, are there any differences (morphological or otherwise) between the basal synapses and proximal synapses on the apical tuft ? As far as I know, they both have dendritic spines, ...
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What are the key examples of the use of computational methods in the study of biological neural networks?
In an upcoming postdoc, I'm going to be looking through biological neural network data in the hopes of finding some interesting "patterns". I'm coming at this field from a mathematics/computer ...
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What's the exact definition of a cognitive mechanism?
I've been trying to get to a specific definition of a cognitive mechanism, but googling it surprisingly didn't give me anything. The only things I've found out are :
How to know if something can be ...
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Default mode network's function in information consolidation?
I remember seeing a lot of research about this a few years back, suggesting replaying memory's during wakeful rest might help long term memory retention, although it was inconclusive.
I was wondering ...
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Does only the time-series data of fMRI matter or does spatial distribution of the signal values also matter?
I was denoising fMRI data using GLM and had a question regarding the “data” of fMRI in general.
(For reference you can look at the “GLM” part of https://fmriprep.org/en/stable/outputs.html or https://...
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Alpha and Beta waves during BCI Training
I'm using the EPOC X EEG Headset from Emotiv. I was recording the raw EEG data while doing BCI training to "push" a cube on the EmoticBCI application. Going back to the recording after the ...
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What causes this motion illusion?
There are some questions here about various optical illusions.
I stumbled upon this one and would like to find out where does it belong.
Wikipedia has a page about illusory motion that mentions ...
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BOLD->functional connectivity->spectral graph theory (e.g. Atasoy 2016) vs BOLD->Fourier Analysis
My read of "Human brain networks function in connectome-specific harmonic waves" (Atasoy 2016) seems to be that you can model brain activity in terms of standing waves of the connectome (...
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How much power, in watts, does the brain use?
When IBM's Watson won on Jeopardy a few years ago, it did so using a room full of servers with a cooling system and a fat power feed, competing against a couple of humans powered by the equivalent of ...
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Default Mode Network and: hyper-connectivity, hypo-connectivity, interconnectivity and intraconnectivity
I have been reading into DMN and its relationship to psychopathology. However, in some papers I have noticed terminology that mentioned hypo-,hyper-,inter-, and intraconnectivity. While I understand ...
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Prereq sciences for Neuroscience
I've been a professional software developer for 7 years and have gotten into EdTech over the last 4 years. I'm building my own EdTech apps for students, and in doing so I decided to enroll in a Master'...
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How to calculate Fano Factor for spike train data?
I've heard this used many times but never had to do it myself. How does one calculate Fano Factor (FF) for spike train data?
Let's say that you have for some neuron the spike count in a certain time ...
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What do brain waves look like under the influence of psilocybin?
I am curious about what brain waves (EEG) look like under the influence of psilocybin mushrooms or LSD. Is there any research on subjects in psychedelic states and how their brain waves change ...
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Why are there different neurotransmitters in central nervous system?
If an effect of binding the neurotransmitter depends on the receptor type, not the neurotransmitter itself, then why don't we have just one neurotransmitter and many different receptors?
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How is sexual arousal different in men and women?
I was watching ASAPScience video on the Male vs Female Orgasms.
At 1:45 they say that PET scans of brain show that arousal of men and women are different.
How exactly are these different, as in what ...
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How do anxiety disorders affect our brains on a neuro level?
I was specifically wondering about
a) The effect on plasticity. Given that stress has been implicated to reduce plasticity, I assumed anxiety disorders would have a similar effect but the only paper I ...
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What are the pharmacodynamics (Ki nM) of the monoamine neurotransmitters?
Ok, so any psychoactive drug will have different affinities for different receptor types. For instance, sertraline has an extreme affinity for the SERT and very little affinity for the 5-HT1A receptor....
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What are the brain regions related to tinnitus shown in this figure?
I am interested in learning about the neural mechanisms behind tinnitus, and was wondering if someone could help me to name the parts of the brain on the image below from a site of the University ...
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What are the differences between bipolar channels and monopolar channels for EEG?
In EEG, each electrode records a biopotential which must be compared to a reference biopotential in order to obtain a channel of measurement. Two types of channels are the so-called bipolar channels ...
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