Questions tagged [neuroscience]
For questions on the structure and function of the nervous system.
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How is the noise covariance matrix computed and why is it a good measure of sensor reliability?
When using minimum norm methods for source estimation (in the case of EEG), which is to say going from the signal at the recording sites on the scalp to the signals in source space, i.e. equivalent ...
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Are there any papers on the neurobiology/ neuroscience of hyper-industriousness?
I'm quite intrigued by this topic, and, unfortunately, I haven't been able to find any interesting papers on the subject...More specifically, I'd like to know more about the mechanisms that regulate ...
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What is meant by increased vagal tone?
Smiling ,for example,can stimulate vagus nerve as written in the following quote:
Whether it’s through mindfulness, paced breathing, sports, sex or
simply smiling, increased vagal tone is important ...
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Why do certain individuals struggle to memorize song lyrics?
Some people have a hard time memorizing song lyrics, even after repeated listening.
What individual factors contribute to the difficulty in remembering song lyrics?
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Phases of Brain Development and Gender Identity
What stages of brain development are represented by sexual differentiation and linked to prenatal development of gender identity?
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Averaging across electrodes in P300 to make a figure
I have a dataset in which we expect to evoke P300 peaks in an oddball setting. My part of the project considers building a machine learning model to classify whether a participant saw a relevant ...
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Does being rocked in a cradle or sleeping on a ship improve sleep quality in the same way?
As we all know, mothers tend to rock the child in a cradle or in their hands.
Is there any research finding that supports the claim that rocked babies sleep better than ones only held still in their ...
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Main Breaktroughts in Neuroscience in the past decade [2014-2023]
I just finished an online introductory course on neurobiology, dated 2014. Given the fast pace of progress in research in science in the last decade, I wonder if any of the core principles known to ...
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What happens to your body when overcoming side effects of SSRIs?
When you start taking SSRIs your body experiences side effects like vomiting, headaches, diarrhea etc.
Apparently these side effects go away after regular consumption.
What happens inside your body to ...
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The mechanism behind the ADHD?
Nowadays, is there any knowledge about the mechanism through ADHD act? Why the people which have ADHD manifest the symptoms related to the disorder? Is some type of malformation or the presence/...
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Gene Expression Database for Psychological Disorders
Is there a comprehensive database available online of gene expression across the brain taken from individuals with psychological conditions? Resources like the Allen Institute's Human Brain Map (link ...
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What decides which pathway-forming neurons relate to a given thought or behavior? [duplicate]
So I know pathways of neuron connections are what store or “activate” behaviors, memories, information, etc and relate to specific thoughts and other brain functions occurring, and that when we learn ...
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Is the equilibrium potential of the leak current equal to the rest potential?
Correct me where/if I am wrong: At rest, ionic channels in a neuron are closed, except for leakage (like with CL- ions) for instance. So I'd assume that the equilibrium (or reversal) potential for CL- ...
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Is there a complete overview and classification of all Probabilistic Neuronal Codes (PPC)?
I am trying to gather an explicit and complete overview of so-called Probabilistic Neuronal Codes (PPC). I have found various PPC models from literature, but have difficulties having them classified, ...
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Roles of Brain Regions (neocortex and hippocampus) in Explicit (declarative) LTM
My question is what is the role of the hippocampus, neocortex and amygdala in the encoding, storage and retrieval of declarative (explicit) memory, specifically episodic and semantic
I am sort of ...
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Does the Nernst equilibrium in a neuron for a specific ion represent the potential voltage that would be needed to bring the net to 0?
I am learning about the Nernst equilibrium in a neuron (along with the Goldman equation), and while I understand certain concepts individually, I struggle to bring it all together. The Nernst ...
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Tears help remove chemical imbalances caused by stress?
Crying is a natural response to grief and loss. I don't think anyone would deny that. Whether it is an important part of the grieving process is debatable according to some circles, though. Should you ...
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Is it possible to completely describe a real object in terms of brain activity?
I've read that the way perception works in the brain, stimuli from the external world is converted into signals that travel through the brain until they reach regions of the brain that can "...
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Cranial nerve ganglion, or Cranial nerve nucleus?
I have a question that I hope some of you may be able to clarify for me.
I have been taught that dorsal root ganglia are analogous to cranial nerve ganglia except that dorsal root ganglion is located ...
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Why is the same process responsible for both synaptic strengthening and excitotoxicity?
Here are two quotes from Wikipedia with their respective pages.
Synaptic Plasticity
"Two molecular mechanisms for synaptic plasticity involve the NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors. Opening of ...
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Sylvius 4 like software
Good afternoon, I was hoping if someone could suggest a software akin to Sylvius that is free to use. An open source program. Any and all suggestions are welcome.
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Mesolimbic pathway
I am trying to gain a better understanding of the etymology of terms used in neuroscience as that helps me remember things. In this case I am trying to understand the phrase "mesolimbic pathway&...
user32682
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Why are there receptors inside neural cells?
Reading a recent article which argues on why psychedelic substances are more effective than the naturally occurring neurotransmitters in the brain:
*Breakthrough study discovers that psychedelics ...
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Network Architecture Diagram
I am trying to teach myself some computational neuroscience and am reading through the following textbook: https://www.oxcns.org/b6_text.html.
I'm finding this diagram confusing in particular c). My ...
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Transplant patients experiencing changes in preferences to match their donors
Similar to Where exactly do Emotions and Feelings arise in the human body?, I have been hearing of a phenomenon where transplant patients have been experiencing changes in preferences to match their ...
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Possible explanation for patterns of dementia progression?
(I'm asking this question as a lay-person with respect to neurobiology, so apologies if it lacks rigour.)
Dementia progression is different for each individual, but it seems like there are some ...
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Literature reviews on nerve conduction velocity?
The Wikipedia article for nerve conduction velocity is frustrating because it lacks citations. What is a good survey or overview of the research on nerve conduction velocity?
I'm particularly ...
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What are the evolutionary advantages of displaying fear?
The advice to not show fear is often given, and for good reason. Displaying fear will make one appear weaker, increase the likelihood of others attacking, and cause self-doubt to spread. However, it ...
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Can an EEG response be phase-locked but not time-locked?
In EEG, there are two commonly encountered notions of linkage between a stimulus and a response, usually encountered in literature surrounding event-related potentials (ERPs) or evoked potentials (EPs)...
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Is there any neurological research on schema theory?
I noticed schema theory is frequently mentioned in educational psychology and sociocultural topics but didn't find neurological research related to it. I wonder if there are some shared mechanisms ...
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Are there open data for long-term potentiation/depression experiments?
The following is Figure 8.2 from Dayan & Abbott (2001), p. 292:
It describes the phenomenon of long-term potentiation/depression (LTP/LTD): Change in synaptic strength (y-axis) is inversely ...
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Is there a name or any research on white flashing behind the eyes?
I have encountered anecdotal evidence that sometimes when people meditate, as they progress to higher levels, they sometimes experience flashing white light behind the eyes. And I have also ...
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Color saturation vs visual acuity of text
My friend posed an interesting question related to her wearing glasses.
Without glasses:
Sees desaturated colors
Black letters of textbook are sharp
With glasses:
Sees more saturated, vibrant ...
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Does varying evening exposure to blue light sabotage a consistent sleep/wake schedule?
Sleep hygiene measures include keeping a consistent bed time and, more importantly, wake time (Chaput et al., 2020). It is also suggested to minimize exposure to evening blue light (Chellappa et al., ...
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Flow of ions in postsynaptic potentials [closed]
My understanding of postsynaptic potentials is that excitatory neurotransmitters cause Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and inhibitory neurotransmitters cause inhibitory postsynaptic ...
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Can this concentration exercise improve cooperation between the left and right hemisphere?
This exercise aims to stimulate and practice the communication between both hemispheres of the brain, thereby increasing the "processing power" of your conscious activity.
https://thiaoouba....
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Question about How to assign the order of vertices of a pial surface in FreeSurfer
I'm a CIVET user but I recently started to use FreeSurfer.
As far as I know, for a surface from CIVET, its vertices are ordered by upsampling a polygon. So I could access downsampled surface by ...
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Can brain improve "non-active" functions?
I'm from computer science background and this question struck me when learning about neural networks as they are initially filled with random values.
Can brain improve "non-active" functions ...
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Is sprouting an example of an axonal or dendritic mechanism of synaptic plasticity?
Hi I am having trouble wrapping my head around the mechanisms of synaptic plasticity which include
Sprouting
Rerouting
Pruning
I have read conflicting sources of information, some suggesting that ...
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What experiments have explored qualia by pursuing neural channels from their sensory inputs?
I was just thinking that it seems like the most immediately accessible way to try to observe in greater detail how the electrical flows across synaptic connections constitute qualitative experience ...
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How do hair cells recognize frequencies?
I read that "a neuron can fire up to 1000 all-or-none impulses/sec" 1. But the hair cells in our ears are trimmed to recognize frequencies up to 20 kHz.
How can a hair cell detect a ...
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Under which sub-field of neuroscience can this project be best classified?
Under which subfield of neuroscience does a project that develops a deep learning model to study long-term brain scans of Alzheimer's caregivers and draw a correlation between staying in the proximity ...
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Neuroligins, neurexins and synaptic gaps
Further to Are all synapses "gappy", and what exactly is in the gap?, I found an open access article (Biswas et al. 2008) pointing out that
Vertebrate studies show neuroligins and neurexins ...
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is there a way to predict the possible modularizations of the brain?
we know that human brain becomes more and more modular during its development. We see similar places for the similar modules in the brain (probably because of the similar inputs and vasculature around ...
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How do recurrent neural connections maintain synchronized up states?
I was reading a text on graph theory applied to neuroscience, Networks of the Brain (Sporns, 2016), where in chapter 8 the author talks about spontaneous neural activities in the brain. The chapter ...
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What activities trigger the realtionship between Flow state and Contemplative / Wellbeing practices?
I wanted to know experimental cases and studies where there are activities which make possible the Flow state, and how is it related to Happiness and Wellbeing.
Quoting the 2021 study "The ...
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Are all synapses "gappy", and what exactly is in the gap?
First, although I was always taught that the axon and a dendrite were separated by a synaptic gap of about 20 to 40 nm, I recently saw a reference I've since lost that seemed to suggest we've found ...
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The meaning of inhibition compared to what it means in neuroscience
I searched for the word "inhibition" in Google dictionary and here is the result:
"a feeling that makes one self-conscious and unable to act in a relaxed and natural way."
It doesn'...
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Can disease, drugs, or other physiological conditions violate the all-or-none rule for action potential?
We are taught that the amplitude of a neuron's spike is always the same (within a negligibly small range)--all or none. But it seems that anomalous physiological conditions like certain diseases or ...
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How can you set the axonal length in a recurrent neural network?
I am studying the model presented in "Simple framework for constructing functional spiking recurrent neural networks" but I am also interested in general answers or answers applicable to ...
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