Questions tagged [bias]
For questions about systematic patterns of deviation in judgment from normative decision-theoretic expectations.
173
questions
3
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1answer
48 views
What is the difference between Cognitive Bias and Cognitive distortion?
I was asked by my professor to give a presentation on the topic "Cognitive biases and distortions" and during my prep I had this question. Could anyone please shed some light?
I tried ...
2
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1answer
26 views
How can we overcome positional bias when selecting an option on a screen/document?
I think the question is best described by an example:
You are at a doctors office and are about to have a conversation about you birth control prescription.
Before you can enter you have to decide if ...
3
votes
1answer
31 views
What is the scientific term for the expectation, that a personal experience positively deviates from what first- or second-hand experience suggests?
What is the scientific term for the tendency of people to believe, that their expected experience positively deviates from what their first- or second-hand experience suggests?
An example for this ...
2
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2answers
46 views
Looking for the correct scientific term of a perceptual error that I call “the black hole of perception”
What is the correct scientific term for the tendency, to wrongfully relate arbitrary observations to a significant event, only because they occurred in temporal or spatial proximity?
Most recently I ...
-2
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1answer
32 views
Why is the shoemaker badly shod?
In other words, why are professionals/experts good at doing what they know to do for others but not for themselves ?
What is the psychological bias behind this ?
Of course this questions comes from ...
2
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0answers
37 views
Research on the psychopathology of rapists
Since not all sexual assaulters are psychopaths or sadists as the media often chalks them up to ,there is scope to at least mend the thinking of some of the rapists, or any which haven't yet given in ...
0
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0answers
15 views
Name for the tendency of people to believe authority has more control than they do?
Given an authority figure that in reality is not in control of whatever domain they're supposed to be in control of, some people have the tendency to ignore the evidence that the authority figure is ...
0
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0answers
14 views
Term for the implication of the existence of additional entities?
I am looking for the name and description of some psychological process I've observed - having two steps assuming the implication of third. For example - when I sometimes think "A is better then ...
1
vote
1answer
19 views
Is there a formal name for the effect/cognitive bias of seeing something new
I'm wondering if there is a formal neuroscience or psychology term for the following: We see something new, fresh, and different and as a result pause just a little bit longer to look it over.
Imagine ...
1
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1answer
25 views
Are we biased against other people's suggestions?
Recently, I have realized that whenever my friends suggest me a movie or a tv show to watch, there is an instinctive response inside me that always tells me to not try the suggestion. I then realized ...
0
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1answer
45 views
What is the difference between naive cynicism and naive realism?
I understand Naive realism as: I am objective and whoever disagrees with me is biased.
I don't get Naive cynicism though. Does is stand for: I am objective and others are more selfish than me?
What is ...
2
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0answers
40 views
Is the Sagan standard a kind of proportionality bias?
Is the Sagan standard, which says that "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence", a kind of proportionality bias?
Since the proportionality bias is a tendency to believe that ...
2
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2answers
49 views
What heuristic or bias is at play when drawing conclusions from headlines only?
I'm wondering why many people just read headlines when they scroll through social media and make up their minds based on this? What bias or heuristic is at play? Why don't people read the article?
I ...
0
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1answer
31 views
Bias caused by the opinion of a famous person on matters they are not well-educated on?
What is the name of the bias caused by the fame of a person on subject matters they are not experts on?
E.g: If a celebrity they like talks about climate change, people might tend to read, discuss, ...
6
votes
2answers
315 views
Name of cognitive bias that causes experts to overestimate their ability in other areas?
Is there a name for a cognitive bias that causes people who have been successful in one area to be overconfident in their level of knowledge / ability in another unrelated area?
It's related to the ...
1
vote
0answers
43 views
How do we call a tendency of young children to accept things as facts without doubting them?
I have noticed that young children don't doubt a lot of things. If a teacher tell them "1+1=2", they usually just learn it without questioning. When those children get older, they often start to ...
1
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1answer
58 views
Humans don't understand the accumulation of small numbers - what is this phenomena called?
I find that if you tell someone to give you 20$ vs. giving you 1$ everyday for 20 days - people react differently.
Similarly ...
5
votes
2answers
79 views
Is there evidence to support the Dunning-Kruger effect?
The well known Dunning-Kruger effect is oft cited as a general explanation for why people with limited expertise overestimate their abilities. Other than the initial research that described this ...
0
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2answers
54 views
How can humans tell when something diverges from the norm
With this I mean the notion of humans being able to, for example, look at a painting and tell that something doesn't belong in there. For example sun glasses on the Mona Lisa, without prior knowledge ...
1
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1answer
326 views
Can one claim that a person is having cognitive distortion and be always correct?
What is cognitive distorion?
According to Wikipedia, "cognitive distortion are thoughts that cause individuals to perceive reality inaccurately". It is a negative outlook on reality, ...
1
vote
0answers
30 views
What is the phenomenon of devaluing others' abilities called?
The Dunning-Kruger describes a cognitive bias where people evaluate their own skills as greater than reality.
I wonder about a similar situation wherein one underestimates the abilities of others. I ...
0
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1answer
46 views
Cognitive bias with trial and error problem solving
I found through self-observation that while solving some problem I am more inclined sometimes to first try and manipulate the variables that require the least amount of effort to manipulate, rather ...
1
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0answers
12 views
Is there a link between confirmation biases and a tendency to subscribe to religions?
I've just read Rolf Dobelli's The Art of Thinking Clearly, as well as Mark Manson's Everything is F*cked, which I stumbled upon the concept of cognitive biases.
In the books they mentioned how ...
1
vote
1answer
51 views
Believing only one thing matters, when in reality, it was a chain reaction. What's the bias called?
Assume I had a business. That business would've been very close to be sold to a bigger company, if only I didn't mess up some of my papers. Thing is though, I didn't really only mess these papers. The ...
3
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0answers
49 views
I can't understand the comparison made by Kahneman [closed]
The chapter "Risk Policies", in Kahneman's "Thinking, Fast and Slow", opens with this example, which makes vivid the pitfalls of relying on our intuitions in choosing between bets:
Imagine that you ...
5
votes
2answers
118 views
Does sexual orientation influence gender bias?
Let's take three people: Alice, Bob, and Carol. Suppose Alice is heterosexual. That should imply that Alice finds Bob attractive at some level, but not Carol. Does this mean Alice is more likely to be ...
2
votes
2answers
75 views
Cognitive bias believing you are good at the things you are bad at, as successes are more vivid?
What is the name for this cognitive bias?
Scenario
I am bad at socializing with people. For 95% of the time I talked to people, I was very awkward. Yet, mostly only 5% of the opposite time stuck to ...
1
vote
2answers
79 views
What is the name for this form of “influence”?
I have found that people are often "roused to action," activism and even zealotry by attributing either extreme of "nobleness" or "despicability" to their self or group ...
5
votes
2answers
831 views
What is the difference between hindsight bias and confirmation bias?
I'm trying to understand better the influence of psychological biases on the financial market decision-making process.
Wikipedia describes hindsight as follow:
Refers to the common tendency for ...
2
votes
0answers
41 views
Can you prevent your biases from swaying your logic if you're aware of them?
As in the title.
Assuming you are aware of all your biases,and how they interact with your ideas, can you foresee how your biases will warp your judgement or logic, and stop that from happening?
...
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3answers
67 views
What is the term for the rhetorical, “How hard could it be?”
I looked through the wikipedia page listing cognitive biases looking for a bias that describes the tendency to assume a poorly understood problem must be simple. Planning fallacy is kind of in the ...
2
votes
2answers
57 views
Name of cognitive bias where people try to use all given information regardless of quality?
In psych class, I recall learning about a cognitive bias where people are inclined to use all information available to them when making a decision, even if some of the information would be better ...
2
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0answers
47 views
How is illusory superiority reconciled with the false-consensus effect?
On one hand, people often seem to exhibit various forms of illusory [self-]superiority, perhaps the best known example of that being the Dunning–Kruger effect.
On the other hand, the false consensus ...
2
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0answers
36 views
Do any personality factors reduce illusory superiority?
Apparently individuals suffering from schizotypy lack illusory superiority in one particular domain: evaluation of their affect. That is to say, neurotypicals overrate their positive affect (and ...
2
votes
1answer
209 views
What is the psychology behind blind spots? Why do we fail to see, what others see so clearly about us?
It’s absolutely imperative to identify our blind spots. I believe that they are impediment for one to reach his full potential. But how does one, see his blind spot - #oxymoron?
What is the ...
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0answers
38 views
In what contexts is loss aversion least controversial?
Loss aversion (and related phenomena like the endowment effect) are somewhat controversial, it seems; from Wikipedia:
Recently, studies have questioned the existence of loss aversion. In several ...
8
votes
1answer
130 views
How do you predict a cognitive bias theoretically using dual process theory?
Disclaimer: I am a complete layman in psychology, with no education in the field whatsoever. This question was prompted by my reading Kahneman's "Thinking Fast and Slow", in which he discusses the ...
1
vote
1answer
67 views
conservative vs liberal: not related to rate of yes vs no
I am not a psychology major, so forgive me if I'm misusing terms.
So on an exam, we had a question about signal detection, and it defined a conservative person as someone who always tend to reply ...
2
votes
1answer
56 views
Name for a condition where one with their limited knowledge thinks of a problem as bigger than it really is?
I know about Dunning-Kruger... where to put it bluntly, one overestimates oneself.
I am looking for a definition/name, to further research and reference in discussions with my peers, for a bias, that ...
0
votes
1answer
31 views
Term/phrase for remembering the negative over the positive
I work in UX (user experience) which involves a lot of psychological principles to various degrees and came across an interesting thought about bad experiences.
My question is, is there some kind of ...
2
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0answers
37 views
What could explain the apparent association between high IAT bias scores and percentage of black americans per state?
The implicit Association test (IAT) measures your subconcious preference for white over black or the other way around. It does so by letting you do a task where you have to categorize black and white ...
2
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0answers
177 views
Defensive attribution vs Self-serving bias
What is the difference between "Defensive attribution" and the "self-serving-bias"?
Both seem to involve a practice where one would attribute our failures to circumstances and our successes to ...
2
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0answers
34 views
Perfect events in a random world?
I have a friend. They believe that God exists because they have experienced a large amount of 'perfect coincidences', or rather, events that are too perfect to be coincidences.
What kind of ...
1
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1answer
797 views
Why do people bid on online auctions sooner than a few seconds before it ends? [closed]
This is something that has always puzzled me about human behavior on online auction platforms. I am talking about a specific platform where you can sell almost any item you want with a starting bid ...
1
vote
1answer
32 views
Cognitive biases ontogenesis
Are cognitive biases "hardcoded" into our brain or learned?
And have they evolved over time e.g. more cognitive biases could emerge evolutionally?
3
votes
2answers
446 views
Why don't the Big 5 personality traits have more neutral names?
Lots of different areas of study appropriate common-language terms as jargon words with a specific meaning in the context of that particular field, but the names of the Big 5 personality traits have ...
2
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1answer
49 views
Do other forms of bias have their own terminologies, similar to “Stockholm Syndrome”?
Three examples would be:
Someone who makes an expensive purchase, and even when they are met with objective facts stating why it was a inferior purchase, they continue to sing it's praise.
Someone ...
0
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1answer
456 views
Is the placebo effect a form of cognitive bias? [closed]
Recently I’ve been trying to get a better understanding for the cause and mechanism of the placebo effect. A friend suggested that the placebo effect is a form of cognitive bias, but I’ve had trouble ...
1
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1answer
53 views
Does psychology lose it's validity when the subject is versed in psychology?
Quite often, I find myself conforming to typical psychological principals, and exhibiting predictable behavior based on external stimuli. However, upon better research of the psychology behind past ...
0
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1answer
30 views
Need to define observation/phenomenon in order to study it, same replies to same political topics, different individuals
I was wondering if anyone could help me define my observation, in order to read some literature on the subject. I have some Cog. Psych. background but have never encountered this during my studies. It ...
