The article you cite does a wonderful job of tearing down an excellently crafted strawman. It is true that it is very difficult to meet his extremely precise measure of a "law". The two problems are Who is proposing "laws"? and Why are these criteria fair?
I have almost never heard of anyone in any psychological field posit that their theories are scientific laws. I have never seen an article so boldly state "X will cause Y in all possible cases", the brain is simply too complex and this is why research always includes information about it's sample, measure and test procedures.
A lot of effort is put into generalizing theories but attempting to generalize to the level of an absolute law is impractical and often unhelpful; maybe repetition doesn't help retention of knowledge when the participant is on fire. This is why the generalizability of results are always investigated and why no sane, accredited psychologist attempts to say their theories hold in all possible situations.
Further, the guidelines Roediger, H.L. (2008) set, specifically expecting a "Law" to stand up to variance in all factors of Jenkins’ (1979) "tetrahedral model" are compeltely unmeetable for a number of reasons.
One of the primary problems with his expectations is they require a law to generalize to images, episodic events, written words, ect. There are different types of memory. Episodic memory, Semantic Memory, Procedural Memory, working/short term memory vs Long Term memory, different types of memory function differently and operate in different parts of the brain. Memory loss affects different types of memory.
Anterograde and Retrograde Amnesia for example generally don't affect Procedural memory but mostly Episodic Memory.
Bottom line, Roediger, H.L. (2008) expects The Law of Apples to apply to Oranges. The reason no Law of All memories exists because different types of memory are fundamentally different, and any attempt to generalize something to all possible types of memory would be absurd.
He is right in so far as the field of memory is complex and universal laws don't exist for it, but no one active in the field seems to be making these assumptions. If you are looknig for these laws you are simply looking for the wrong thing, and should rather learn more basic things about memory, like the types of memory, types of learning ect, before you continue any investigation into the field.