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Gender dysphoria according to wikipedia is

[T]he distress a person experiences as a result of the sex and gender they were assigned at birth. In these cases, the assigned sex and gender do not match the person's gender identity, and the person is transgender.

Other sources, such as WebMD and the APA basically agree that people with gender dysphoria

[F]eel strongly that their gender does not match their biology.

Is there a test that measures gender dysphoria? I am interested in making an adaptation to such a test into Spanish.

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Based on my research through the APA Gender is a subjective term, so the 'Dysphoria' of how a persons feels about being one biological sex and how the current society feels that biological sex should be are both changing standards which are unique based on experience, place, and time.

This is a factual representation of the APA (who supports Gender Dysphoria), yet classifies gender as a social construct. At the very least we should try to understand that technical assessments of the difference between two changing and subjective points are not easily done.

So, my answer is, that while there are tests that are used for this topic as the first answer states, that these are highly subjective and to date there are no scientific factors and assessments to measure this classification.

Scientific tests in my mind would include technical baselines for brain or other biological markers which become standardized over time. Brainwave activity, identified genes are two such options, which currently do not exist.

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Short answer
Yes.

Background
A cursory Google Scholar search with the key terms Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire brought up

The Gender Identity/Gender Dysphoria Questionnaire for Adolescents and Adults.

If you wish to search for more related inventories you can look further using keywords like 'gender dysphoria' + 'inventory' / 'test' / 'diagnosis'.

References
- Deogracias et al., J Sex Res (2007); 44(4): 370–9
- Sing et al., J Sex Res (2010); 47(1): 49-58

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    $\begingroup$ Cited by 108 ... seems relevant enough to me to constitute an answer. P.s. Nice edit to the question! $\endgroup$
    – Steven Jeuris ♦
    Commented Sep 9, 2017 at 11:11

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